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What Does It Mean to “Know” a Word?

Knowing a word does not only mean knowing its translation.

To really know a word, you should understand:

what it means
how to pronounce it
how to spell it
what part of speech it is
which words commonly go with it
whether it is formal or informal
how to use it in a sentence

For example, knowing the verb make means knowing natural phrases such as:

make a decision
make progress
make a mistake
make an effort
make a difference

These natural word partnerships are called collocations.

Why Context Is Important

Many learners forget vocabulary because they study words alone.

This may help you understand the meaning, but it does not show you how to use the word naturally.

Better:

make progress
We need to make progress before Friday.

Now you know:

the meaning
the grammar
the collocation
the context
how the word works in a sentence

Vocabulary is easier to remember when it is connected to a real situation.

Learn Collocations, Not Only Single Words

Collocations are words that naturally go together.

Examples:

Word	Common Collocation	Example
decision	make a decision	I need to make a decision today.
mistake	make a mistake	I made a mistake in the email.
progress	make progress	She is making progress in English.
advice	give advice	My teacher gave me useful advice.
evidence	provide evidence	The study provides evidence for the idea.

Collocations help your English sound more natural.

Instead of learning only:

mistake

Learn:

make a mistake

Instead of learning only:

progress

Learn:

make progress

Use Spaced Repetition

Spaced repetition means reviewing words several times over a period of time.

This is better than studying many words once and forgetting them later.

A simple review schedule:

Day 1: Learn the word
Day 2: Review it
Day 4: Review it again
Day 7: Use it in a sentence
Day 14: Review and say it aloud
Day 30: Use it in speaking or writing

Example:

New word: evidence

Day 1:
evidence = proof or information that supports an idea

Day 2:
The police found evidence.

Day 4:
The study provides evidence for the hypothesis.

Day 7:
Say your own sentence aloud.

Day 30:
Use it in a paragraph or conversation.

Use New Words Actively

There are two types of vocabulary:

Passive Vocabulary

These are words you understand when you read or hear them.

Example:

You read significant and understand that it means important.

Active Vocabulary

These are words you can use when speaking or writing.

Example:

This is a significant problem.

Your goal is to move words from passive vocabulary to active vocabulary.

To do this, use new words in:

speaking
writing
short answers
diary entries
examples
conversations
voice recordings

A word you use becomes stronger.

Learn Vocabulary by Topic

Topic-based learning helps your brain organise words.

Examples of useful topics:

work
travel
food
health
education
emotions
technology
family
environment
money

Example topic: work

Useful words and phrases:

deadline
meeting
client
task
follow up
make progress
submit a report
solve a problem

Example sentence:

I need to submit the report before the deadline.

This is better than learning random unrelated words.

Learn Pronunciation from Day One

Do not wait until later to learn pronunciation.

When you learn a new word, check:

the pronunciation
word stress
whether letters are silent
British and American pronunciation, if needed

Example:

photograph
Stress: PHO-to-graph

photography
Stress: pho-TOG-ra-phy

photographer
Stress: pho-TOG-ra-pher

Pronunciation helps you recognise the word when listening and use it more confidently when speaking.

A Simple Vocabulary Study Routine

Use this routine every day or several times a week.

Step 1: Choose 5–10 Useful Words

Do not choose too many words at once.

Choose words that are:

common
useful
connected to your level
connected to your goals

Step 2: Write One Natural Sentence

Do not only write the translation.

Example:

Word: progress

Sentence:

I am making progress in English because I practise every day.

Step 3: Say the Word Aloud

Say:

the word
the phrase
the full sentence

Example:

progress
make progress
I am making progress in English.

Step 4: Review Later

Review the same words after:

one day
three days
one week
one month

Step 5: Use the Word in Speaking or Writing

Example:

Today, I made progress because I learned five new words and used them in sentences.

This makes the word active.

Real-World Examples

Casual English

I made a mistake, but I learned from it.

Professional English

We need to make progress before Friday.

Academic English

The findings provide evidence for the hypothesis.

Travel English

I need to book accommodation before the trip.

Everyday English

This word is useful, so I want to remember it.

Common Mistakes Students Make

Mistake 1: Memorising Long Word Lists Without Examples

Better approach:

make progress
I am making progress in English.

Why?

Words are easier to remember when they are connected to phrases and sentences.

Mistake 2: Learning Rare Words Before Common Words

Weak approach:

I want to memorise very advanced words first.

Better approach:

I will learn high-frequency words first, then advanced words later.

Why?

Common words appear more often, so they are more useful for real communication.

Mistake 3: Ignoring Pronunciation

Weak approach:

I only write the word and translation.

Better approach:

I listen to the pronunciation and say the word aloud.

Why?

You need pronunciation for speaking and listening, not only reading.

Mistake 4: Reviewing Once Only

Weak approach:

I studied the word once, so I should remember it.

Better approach:

I will review the word several times over different days.

Why?

Spaced review helps move vocabulary into long-term memory.

Key Learning Points

Learn vocabulary in context, not only through translation.
Study collocations because words have natural partners.
Use spaced repetition instead of cramming.
Say new words aloud to practise pronunciation.
Use new vocabulary in speaking and writing quickly.
Prioritise common and useful words before rare advanced words.
A word becomes active when you use it.

Pro Tips for Faster Learning

Tip 1: Make Vocabulary Cards with Sentences

Write:

make progress
I am making progress in English because I practise every day.

A sentence helps you remember how to use the word.

Tip 2: Group Words by Topic

Topic groups help your brain organise vocabulary.

Example: education

lesson
homework
feedback
exam
revise
improve
make progress
ask a question

Tip 3: Learn Pronunciation with the Word

When you learn a word, listen to it and repeat it.

Check:

stress
vowel sounds
silent letters
British or American pronunciation

Tip 4: Use the “3 Times Rule”

Use every new word three times:

in one written sentence
in one spoken sentence
in one review sentence after a few days

Example word: evidence

Written sentence:

The article gives evidence for this idea.

Spoken sentence:

I need evidence to support my opinion.

Review sentence:

The study provides strong evidence.

Practice Exercise

1. Write one sentence with “make progress”

Example answer:

I am making progress in English because I practise vocabulary every day.

2. Find three words connected to “work”

Example answers:

meeting
deadline
client

Now use one in a sentence:

I have a meeting with a client tomorrow.

3. Review five old words and use each aloud

Choose five words you learned before.

Example:

improve
confident
evidence
mistake
progress

Say one sentence for each word aloud.

4. Write three collocations with “make”

Example answers:

make a decision
make progress
make a mistake

Final Summary

The best way to learn English vocabulary is not to memorise random words. Instead, learn useful words in context, review them over time, and use them in speaking and writing.

Use this formula:

word + phrase + sentence + pronunciation + review + real use

This turns vocabulary from something you recognise into something you can actually use.

Resources and Further Learning

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